This project proposes to study the processes of integration of Central European countries into the European Union (EU) after the fall of communist regimes in the region. More specifically, it focuses on their claims for the integration of their memories at the European level. With regard to policies concerning the past, from the mid-1960s onward, Western Europe began a process through which it gradually replaced the “national paradigm of resistance” with the “transnational paradigm of the Shoah.” The latter became a memory criterion capable, in theory, of unifying the continent. From the 1990s onward, however, the so-called post-communist countries claimed another memorial paradigm for themselves. They consider themselves to have been victims of Nazism and, subsequently, of communism. They demand that, beyond the Holocaust, the crimes of communism be recognized as part of the EU’s memory policies. It is therefore the intricacies of the processes of construction and debate surrounding the memory of post-communist countries, in relation to the memorial paradigm erected by the EU, that this project proposes to analyze. To this end, I will take the experience of Hungary between 1989 and 2022 as a specific case study, with special attention to the years corresponding to the rise of Fidesz, a right-wing populist party, to power from 2010 onward.